Excel & Google Sheets Formula Guide

Browse 56 formula guides with examples, tips, and a live AI generator. Click any formula to learn more and try it instantly.

Lookup & Reference

VLOOKUP

VLOOKUP searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row from...

INDEX-MATCH

INDEX-MATCH is a powerful combination that can look up values in any direction — left, right, or acr...

XLOOKUP

XLOOKUP is the modern replacement for VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP. It can search in any direction, return mu...

INDIRECT

INDIRECT converts a text string into a cell reference. This lets you build dynamic references — chan...

Math & Aggregation

SUMIFS

SUMIFS adds up values that meet multiple criteria. It's essential for financial reports, sales analy...

COUNTIFS

COUNTIFS counts cells that meet multiple criteria across different columns. Perfect for counting rec...

AVERAGEIFS

AVERAGEIFS calculates the average of cells that meet multiple criteria. Useful for performance analy...

SUMPRODUCT

SUMPRODUCT multiplies corresponding elements in arrays and returns the sum. It's extremely versatile...

Text

CONCATENATE / TEXTJOIN

Combine text from multiple cells into one. TEXTJOIN is the modern approach with a separator and the ...

Text Split / Extract

Split text into parts, extract substrings, or parse structured data like email addresses, full names...

Logic

Nested IF

Nested IF formulas let you test multiple conditions and return different values for each. They're co...

Conditional Formatting Formulas

Custom conditional formatting formulas let you highlight cells based on complex rules — comparing to...

Data Validation Formulas

Data validation formulas control what users can enter in cells. Create dependent dropdowns, enforce ...

Date & Financial

NETWORKDAYS

NETWORKDAYS calculates the number of working days between two dates, automatically excluding weekend...

PMT (Loan Payment)

PMT calculates the periodic payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest ra...

Dynamic Arrays

UNIQUE

UNIQUE returns a list of distinct values from a range, removing duplicates. It's a dynamic array fun...

FILTER

FILTER returns rows from a range that meet specified conditions. It's like AutoFilter but as a formu...

ARRAYFORMULA

ARRAYFORMULA applies a formula to an entire column or range at once, eliminating the need to copy fo...

QUERY

QUERY is Google Sheets' most powerful function. It lets you use SQL-like syntax to select, filter, s...

Data Analysis

Pivot Table Formulas

Sometimes you need pivot-table-style summaries but as formulas — so they update automatically withou...

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